Osteoporosis is a disease that causes weak, thinning bones. This leaves the bones at greater risk of breaking. Your healthcare provider can help you determine your risk of developing osteoporosis. They will ask about your personal and family health history. You may have a bone density test.
What is a bone density test?
A bone density test is also known as bone mass measurement or bone mineral density test. It measures the strength and density of your bones. It's often done as a woman gets close to menopause. The test can be repeated later and help determine how quickly you are losing bone mass and density. These tests are painless, noninvasive, and safe. They compare your bone density with standards for what is expected in someone of your age, gender, and size, and to the best peak bone density of a healthy young adult of the same gender. Bone density testing can help to:
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Find low bone density before a fracture occurs
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Confirm a diagnosis of osteoporosis if you have a fracture
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Predict your chances of fracturing in the future
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Determine your rate of bone loss or keep track of the effects of treatment if the test is conducted at intervals of a year or more
What are some reasons for having a bone density test?
If you have 1 or more of the following risk factors for osteoporosis, you may want to consider having a bone density test:
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You have already had a bone fracture that may be the result of thinning bones.
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Your mother, grandmother, or another close relative had osteoporosis or bone fractures.
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Over a long period of time, you have taken medicine that speeds up bone loss. These include some corticosteroids. It also includes some antiseizure medicines.
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You have low body weight, a slight build, or a light complexion.
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You have a history of cigarette smoking or heavy drinking.
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Bone Density Test
A bone density test is used to measure the bone mineral content and density. It may be done using X-rays, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA or DXA), or a special CT scan that uses computer software to determine bone density of the hip or spine.
